Rusia presenta una iniciativa que permite que quienes hayan ejercido la presidencia no puedan ser detenidos, ni interrogados, ni sus domicilios podrán ser sometidos a registros, a esto se le conoce como inmunidad vitalicia.
Este miércoles, la Cámara Baja del Parlamento ruso, también conocida como Duma de Estado, aprobó un proyecto de ley para garantizar la inmunidad vitalicia de los expresidentes frente a investigaciones judiciales en su contra, esto beneficiaría al actual mandatario Vladimir Putin.
La inmunidad vitalicia sólo se podría eliminar en contra de Vladimir Putin por decisión de la Cámara Alta del Parlamento. También en caso de que la Duma de Estado presente cargos de alta traición u otro delito grave, con previa autorización del Tribunal Supremo y del Tribunal Constitucional.
En octubre pasado, el proyecto de inmunidad vitalicia fue presentado por el senador, Andréi Klishas, y el diputado Pável Krashenínnikov. “Esta ley blinda las garantías de inmunidad de cualquier expresidente más allá del plazo de cumplimiento de su mandato”, dijo Klishas
Esta discusión se da en el marco del debate sobre las reformas a la Constitución Rusa, que permitirán a Vladimir Putin continuar en el poder dos mandatos más de seis años cada uno a partir de 2024, es decir, hasta 2036.
La actual legislación rusa hace inviolables a los gobernantes solamente durante el ejercicio de su mandato, pero no están protegidos ante causas penales ocurridas antes o después de su gobierno. Con la inmunidad vitalicia los expresidentes estarán protegidos hasta después de sus mandatos.
La Cámara Baja del Parlamento ruso también aprobó una ley que permite a los expresidentes de Rusia optar al cargo de senador vitalicio, así como una reforma que impediría a los diputados y senadores tener doble nacionalidad, de acuerdo con información de la agencia de noticias oficial Sputnik.
Putin defiende que el cargo no le ha cambiado pero lamenta que no se vea su lado humano:
El presidente ruso, Vladimir Putin, ha defendido este miércoles que los más de 20 años que lleva en el poder, una parte de ellos como primer ministro, no le han cambiado aunque ha lamentado que en ocasiones el cargo que ocupa eclipse su lado más humano.
“Mis amigos de la escuela dicen que no he cambiado mucho y ellos están en una mejor posición para juzgarme que yo”, ha declarado el mandatario en una entrevista a la agencia TASS dentro del proyecto 20 preguntas con Vladimir Putin, cuya última entrega se ha publicado coincidiendo con su 68 cumpleaños.
El presidente ha asegurado que no le gustaría perder “ninguna cualidad humana” pero, ha explicado, “cuando uno ocupa esta posición a veces siente como que deja de ser humano y no ser más que un mero cargo”.
Aunque ha reconocido que ser presidente tiene un impacto en sus relaciones personales –“ciertamente hay limitaciones”–, ha asegurado que su trabajo es gratificante. “La mejor recompensa es la gratificación emocional que uno consigue del modo en que la gente confía en ti. Es muy importante”, ha asegurado.
Además, ha señalado que le encanta “pasar tiempo” con sus nietos, si bien ha rechazado aclarar cuántos tiene. “Usted no vive mi vida y no entiende las cuestiones de seguridad”, ha dicho al periodista, defendiendo igualmente su rechazo a que su familia esté en el candelero.
“Cuando me presento al cargo y las elecciones llevan a un cierto resultado, la gente vota por mí, no por mi familia y lo hacen por la esperanza que tienen en que yo retenga el cargo que estoy ocupando ahora”, ha esgrimido el presidente, que llegó al poder en 2000 y que ha mantenido el cargo desde entonces, salvo el paréntesis entre 2008 y 2012, cuando fue primer ministro.
Por otra parte, ha reconocido que “los medios tienen un impacto en la opinión pública y eso es un poder” pero ha defendido que “no deberían hablar sin pesar y vomitar sinsentidos”. “La autoridad implica responsabilidad pero sin responsabilidad no serían más que una banda que persigue sus propios intereses personales y corporativos”, ha sostenido.
Pese a todo, ha admitido que es imposible que el Estado pueda controlar todo el espacio informativo, sobre todo por el uso cada vez más generalizado de internet y las redes sociales, en particular por los jóvenes “que ya no ven la tele, solo navegan por internet”.
En este sentido, ha advertido del riesgo que supone internet, ya que permite propagar lo que quieras y ha defendido que se deberían aplicar en la red las mismas reglas que fuera de ella.
Por ello, se ha mostrado partidario de castigar a quienes propagan “invenciones y mentiras que pueden generar el pánico” así como pornografía infantil o métodos para suicidarse, “puesto que esto podría hacer daño a nuestros ciudadanos”.
Sin embargo, ha rechazado que se castigue a quienes critican a las autoridades. “Criticar a las autoridades no está prohibido en nuestro país, lo que está prohibido es profanar los símbolos del Estado, el emblema, el himno, cualquier símbolo del Estado”, ha recalcado, defendiendo que al hacerlo se afecta a todos los ciudadanos, por eso hay que proteger “los intereses de la sociedad”. “Esto se hace en cualquier país civilizado”, ha acotado.
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