Por: La Jornada
Ciudad de México. Grandes bancos del mundo han permitido operaciones con recursos procedentes de lavado de dinero a personas y grupos criminales, revela la investigación FinCEL Files, realizada por el Consorcio Internacional de Periodistas de Investigación (ICIJ, por sus siglas en inglés).
Documentos secretos del gobierno estadunidense detallan que cinco instituciones de gran escala se han beneficiado de personajes poderosos y peligrosos aun cuando han sido señalados y sancionados por incumplir con la regulación en contra de este tipo de recursos en Estados Unidos.
Además, expone que existen 57 transacciones sospechosas realizadas hacia o desde bancos que operan en México y que han estado involucrados en este tipo de acciones.
En algunos casos, precisa la investigación, los bancos siguieron moviendo fondos ilícitos incluso después de que funcionarios estadunidenses les advirtieron que enfrentarían procesos penales si no dejaban de hacer negocios con mafiosos, estafadores o regímenes corruptos.
La investigación es una serie de reportes de actividad sospechosa (RAS) que han sido expuestas e indican cómo instituciones bancarias han tenido conocimiento y han permitido hacer transacciones con recursos ilícitos a diversas personas, por un monto que supera 2 billones de dólares, incluidos 514 mil millones de JPMorgan y 1.3 billones de Deutsche Bank.
Las principales entidades financieras involucradas son JPMorgan, HSBC, Standard Chartered Bank, Deutsche Bank y Bank of New York Mellon.
En el caso mexicano se hicieron 57 transacciones por un monto enviado de 5 millones 75 mil 970 dólares, y recibido 338 mil 730 dólares. Se ven involucrados entidades financieras como BBVA, Banorte, Citibanamex, Banco del Bajío, Actinver, Santander, Banco Base y CIBanco.
Incluso hay un movimiento sospechoso que puede involucrar al ex presidente Enrique Peña Nieto, y podría relacionarlo con el venezolano Juan José Rendón Delgado, quien fue asesor de campañas relacionadas con sobornos entre capos colombianos y delitos en contra de mujeres.
Explica que un RAS enviado por la oficina antilavado del banco Deutsche Bank en Estados Unidos detectó que Rendón Delgado hizo seis transferencias sospechosas por 180 mil 20 dólares entre 2016 y 2017.
El caso internacional
JPMorgan, el banco más grande con sede en Estados Unidos, movió dinero para personas y empresas vinculadas al saqueo masivo de fondos públicos en Malasia, Venezuela y Ucrania, revelan los documentos filtrados por poco más de mil millones de dólares.
Según la investigación, esta institución también procesó más de 50 millones de dólares en pagos durante una década para Paul Manafort, ex gerente de campaña del presidente Donald Trump. El banco transfirió al menos 6.9 millones en transacciones de Manafort en los 14 meses posteriores a su renuncia a la campaña.
A su vez, HSBC, Standard Chartered Bank, Deutsche Bank y Bank of New York Mellon también continuaron con la realización de pagos sospechosos, pese a que éstos habían hecho promesas de no caer en este tipo de acciones.
La investigación que filtra documentos incluye más de 2 mil 100 informes de actividades sospechosas presentados por bancos y otras firmas financieras en la Red de Ejecución de Delitos Financieros del Departamento del Tesoro de Estados Unidos.
Estos documentos identifican transacciones realizadas entre 1999 y 2017 que fueron marcadas por ejecutivos de cumplimiento interno de las instituciones financieras como posible lavado de dinero u otra actividad criminal. Los datos fueron obtenidos por el portal Buzz Feed.
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